In the US, most Utopian visions seem to lean towards Libertarianism. Minimal government, low taxes, where a man is free to live his life as he pleases. I, the Philoso4King, was born and bred in Canada, and as such have a different, more socialist vision. I believe this cultural difference is due to feudalism.
Yes, feudalism.
After the collapse of the Roman Empire, feudalism developed as a means to provide a safe and secure society without the need of the empire’s resources. A select group would be relieved of the burden of needing to provide for their daily bread and would instead train to be prepared for the common defense. They were also responsible for enforcement of laws. Taxes would be raised from the rest of the populace to cover their living expenses and equipment.
Feudalism was a practical and effective social structure that addressed specific problems in society. However, it became prone to corruption and out lived its usefulness.
The martial or noble class saw themselves as better than the “common” man, who they saw as little more than livestock. Large portions of the population where indentured to the land they farmed, virtually slaves. Nobles owned the land and held the wealth and power.
By the time of the colonization of the Americas, feudalism was but a memory for city dwellers, but for the rural population, they were still living under what was effectively feudalism.
Yet by immigrating to the Americas they could own land. And not just any land, large tracks of highly fertile land with good weather. Sure there were natives to drive off and forests to clear, but a man could, with a lot of sweat and a bit of luck, build himself a successful farm. He could be like the nobles in his homeland. He could be a self-made man. Deeply rooted in the American experience is a desire to return to this period, to have the freedom to build your own fortune, to be a self-made man.
In what became Canada, things were different.
For starters, its a lot colder than most of the US. As a result, we didn’t have as good farmland, the growing season was significantly shorter. When Europeans first came to Canada, it was for fish and pelts. It was easier to trade with the natives than to drive them off, so relations with the native population were significantly better than in the US.
And we had winters that would kill you. Many early immigrants to Canada didn’t survive their first winter. Survival here necessitated working together, learning from one another, supporting one another.
It is the same reason why desert lands develop customs to never refuse someone water — at some point, it is likely you will be the one in need of a drink.
Not that I’m saying Canadian history is all “kinder and gentler.” We fell into most of the practices of those south of the boarder. But throughout it all, at our core was this “one for all” ideal rather than rampant individualism.
I think that is one of the reasons why, when the American took up arms for “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness,” we declined to join them. Opting instead for “Peace, Order and good Government.”
This is why many Americans are proud that they don’t have a “socialist” medical system and why most Canadians are fiercely loyal to a medical system where everyone is treated identically, regardless of wealth. This is true even if it means that they get medical treatments slower than they would otherwise receive.
The whole issue was further complicated during the cold war, when the rhetoric combined the concepts of democracy and capitalism and well as the concepts of totalitarianism and socialism. In both cases, one is a system of government and the other a system of economics.
Socialism values the needs of the community over that of the individual. While it can be argued that totalitarian socialism has various ethical and practical problems, these problems aren’t applicable if combined with participatory democracy.
Surely there can be no ethical concerns if a population collectively chooses to look after their less fortunate. And direct involvement of the population in government decisions avoids the inefficiency and other practical problems inherent in totalitarian socialism.
That is not to say there are not a wide collection of new problems that need to be addressed. I, the Philoso4King, do not claim that I have all the answers. It is my hope that given sufficient time and sufficient discussion, these problems could be resolved.
Or failing that, that a better approach could be discovered.
As I see it, governments have three roles.
First, the government is there to look after those issues that the population is unable or unwilling to manage personally. For example, drinking water quality standards should be set by experts in water quality. The general population shouldn’t be expected to learn sufficient relevant information to make a reasonable conclusion on what should be a safe standard. Modern life has a multitude of similar choices and no one person has the time to become fluent in all of them.
Second, the government is there to facilitate the collective care of the population. This includes the creation of a “social safety net”, emergency services, aid to the disadvantaged, protection of minorities, etc.
Third, the government acts as the common face for international contact. This includes matters of diplomacy, treaties and international law.
All government actions should relate to one or more of the above purposes.